承德市人民政府办公室关于印发承德市档案征集管理办法的通知

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承德市人民政府办公室关于印发承德市档案征集管理办法的通知

河北省承德市人民政府办公室


承德市人民政府办公室关于印发承德市档案征集管理办法的通知


各县、自治县、区人民政府,开发区管委会,市政府各部门,省属以上企事业单位:

《承德市档案征集管理办法》已经市政府研究通过,现印发给你们,请认真贯彻执行。

二〇一一年八月二十二日



承德市档案征集管理办法

第一章 总 则

第一条 为了征集散存、散失的档案,防止档案的损毁和流失,维护档案的完整与安全,保存承德历史记忆,服务国际旅游城市建设和文化大市建设,根据《中华人民共和国档案法》、《中华人民共和国档案法实施办法》和《河北省档案工作条例》以及有关法律、法规的规定,结合本市实际,制定本办法。

第二条 本办法所称档案,是指过去、现在的国家机构、社会组织以及个人从事政治、经济、军事、科学、技术、文化、宗教等活动直接形成的对全市经济和社会发展具有保存价值的各种文字、照片、图表、声像、实物等不同载体的历史记录。

本办法所称档案征集,是指市、县级国家档案馆(以下简称档案馆)依照本办法将散存、散失的档案收集进馆行为。

第三条 本办法由市档案行政管理部门负责组织实施,并对实施情况进行监督检查。

县(区)档案行政管理部门依照职责权限,负责辖区内档案征集工作的管理和监督。

第四条 档案馆负责征集本行政区域内属于本馆保管范围的档案,并建立相应的备案登记制度。

档案馆应设置专门机构或职位负责档案征集工作。

第五条 市、县(区)人民政府应当加强对档案征集工作的领导,将档案征集所需经费列入同级财政预算。

第六条 本市行政区域内的单位和个人,对档案征集工作及对散存档案的备案登记工作应当予以支持和协助。

第二章 档案征集

第七条 散存、散失的具有保存价值的下列档案,应当予以征集:

(一)中华人民共和国成立前特别是清朝、民国、日伪统治时期承德区域内的机构、社会组织等形成的档案;

(二)中华人民共和国成立前后承德区域内中国共产党及其领导的政权机关、武装力量、社会团体、企事业单位形成的档案;

(三)承德籍或在承德战斗、工作、生活过的各界著名人物形成的档案;

(四)承德区域内重点建设工程、重大活动、重大事件形成的档案;

(五)承德区域内的风景名胜区、自然保护区、历史文化保护区、保护建筑、各类遗址档案;

(六)反映承德少数民族历史和少数民族文化的档案;

(七)反映承德民风民俗、社会变迁的档案;

(八)具有承德地方特色的其他档案。

第八条 征集的方式:

(一)接受捐赠;

(二)接受寄存;

(三)代为保管;

(四)收购;

(五)征购;

(六)接受移交;

(七)其他方式。

第九条 档案馆征集档案,应当由2名以上工作人员共同进行。征集档案时,档案征集人员应主动出示表明身份和工作任务的证明文件。

档案征集人员应当自档案征集完成之日起10日内将征集到的档案移交档案馆,档案馆对征集到的档案应当登记造册。

第十条 在征集过程中,对档案的真伪或价值有异议的,档案馆或档案持有者可以将其提请档案鉴定委员会鉴定、评估。

档案鉴定委员会由本级档案行政管理部门聘请具有相关知识的专家组成。鉴定、评估档案工作应由3名以上相关专家共同进行。

第十一条 鼓励单位和个人向档案馆捐赠档案。

接受捐赠的档案馆,应当向捐赠者颁发捐赠档案荣誉证书。

捐赠档案的单位和个人,对其捐赠的档案有优先和无偿利用的权利,并可对所捐赠的档案中不宜向社会公开的部分提出限制他人使用的意见,档案馆应当维护捐赠者的合法权益。

第十二条 属于集体、个人所有以及其他不属于国家所有的档案,档案所有人可以在档案馆寄存。接受寄存的,档案馆与寄存人应当签订档案寄存书面协议。

第十三条 属于集体、个人所有以及其他不属于国家所有的档案,档案所有人可以向档案馆出售。档案收购价格,由档案馆与出售人协商确定。

前款所述档案,其所有人向档案馆以外的单位或者个人出售的,应经县级以上人民政府档案行政管理部门批准。

第十四条 属于集体、个人所有以及其他不属于国家所有的档案,由于保管条件恶劣或者其他原因可能导致档案严重损毁、灭失、丢失的,档案馆有权采取代为保管措施。

采取档案代为保管措施的档案,档案馆应当向档案所有人出具代为保管凭证,并不得收取代为保管的费用。

公布或者提供他人利用代为保管的档案,档案馆应当征得档案所有人的同意。

第十五条 属于集体、个人所有以及其他不属于国家所有的档案,由于保管条件恶劣或者其他原因可能导致档案严重损毁、灭失、丢失的,所有者不愿向档案馆捐赠、寄存或者出售的,档案馆可以征购。征购档案的价格由档案鉴定委员会评估确定。

第十六条 征集范围内的档案,属于国家所有的,档案持有人必须按照有关法律、法规的规定,向档案馆移交。

国家所有的档案,禁止出售或者非法转让。

第十七条 举办重大政治、经济、科学、技术、文化、卫生、体育、外事、宗教等活动,组织和承办单位应将活动中形成的材料收集整理齐全,并按照《承德市重大活动档案管理暂行办法》及时将档案材料移交同级档案馆。

第十八条 档案馆可以跨区域或者向境外征集档案。

第十九条 档案馆应当采取有效措施,确保征集进馆档案的安全。

第三章 奖励与处罚

第二十条 捐赠重要和珍贵档案或为档案征集工作做出重要贡献的,市、县(区)人民政府给予表彰和奖励。

第二十一条 档案征集人员将征集的档案据为己有的,由县级以上人民政府档案行政管理部门责令其移交档案馆,并依法给予行政处分;造成损失的,依法赔偿损失;构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任。

第二十二条 违反本办法第十一条第三款、第十四条第三款规定,给档案所有者造成不良影响或者损失的,档案馆应当消除影响,赔偿损失,并依法给予直接负责的主管人员或者其他直接责任人行政处分。

第二十三条 违反本办法第十六条第一款规定不移交属于国家所有的档案的,由县级以上人民政府档案行政管理部门责令其限期移交;逾期拒不移交的,由县级以上人民政府档案行政管理部门申请人民法院强制执行。国家工作人员持有国家所有的档案拒不移交的,由有关主管部门给予行政处分,同时将处理结果告知同级档案行政管理部门。

第二十四条 违反本办法第十六条第二款规定,擅自出售或非法转让国家所有档案的,由县级以上人民政府档案行政管理部门依法给予警告,并可以根据相关档案价值和数量,处以一千元至五万元罚款;有违法所得,没收违法所得,并可以依法征购所出卖的档案。

第四章 附 则

第二十五条 本办法适用中的具体问题由市档案局负责解释。

第二十六条 本办法自发布之日起施行。



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关于施工总承包企业特级资质有关问题的通知

住房和城乡建设部


关于施工总承包企业特级资质有关问题的通知

建市函[2009]178号


各省、自治区住房和城乡建设厅,直辖市建委,江苏省、山东省建管局,新疆生产建设兵团建设局,国务院有关部门建设司(局),总后营房部工程局,有关企业:

  为促进建筑行业发展,积极稳妥地推进施工总承包企业特级资质标准实施,根据《建筑业企业资质管理规定》(建设部令第159号,以下简称《规定》)、《建筑业企业资质管理规定实施意见》(建市[2007]241号,以下简称《实施意见》)及《施工总承包企业特级资质标准》(建市[2007]72号,以下简称《特级标准》)等规定,我部在征求各方面意见的基础上,经研究,对施工总承包企业特级资质有关问题提出如下意见:

  一、关于过渡期问题

  鉴于当前国际国内经济形势与建筑施工企业现状,本着实事求是、积极稳妥的原则,决定将《特级标准》的过渡期延长至2012年3月13日,并将根据《建筑业企业资质等级标准》(建建[2001]82号)取得特级资质的企业(以下简称原特级企业)的资质证书有效期相应延长至2012年3月13日。原特级企业应在2011年12月31日之前提出资质延续或其他资质申请;逾期未申请的,原特级资质证书在过渡期届满后自动失效。

  二、关于设计人员问题

  考虑到我国目前建筑市场中施工企业和设计企业(院、所)的实际情况以及行业发展要求,对特级资质要求配备的设计人员做以下调整,并分为两类特级企业资质证书:

  (一)企业本身具有本类别相关的工程设计甲级资质标准要求的专业技术人员且其他条件符合《特级标准》的要求,经核定后颁发新版施工总承包特级资质证书及相应的设计证书,并在证书上注明设计与施工总承包业务范围。

  (二)暂不具备设计能力但其他条件符合《特级标准》的原特级资质企业,经核定后颁发新版施工总承包特级资质证书,并在证书上注明施工总承包业务范围。

  三、关于工法问题

  企业具有的国家级工法是指根据《工程建设工法管理办法》(建质[2005]145号),由住房城乡建设部审定和公布的与工程建设相关的工法。工法不受企业资质申报专业的限制。资质申报单位应为工法的第一、第二完成单位,第三及以下完成单位不予认可。

  四、其他

  《特级标准》中的信息化以及其他指标的具体考核要求,我部将根据《规定》和《实施意见》另行制定。





中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部
二〇〇九年七月三十日


中华人民共和国涉外经济合同法(附英文)

全国人民代表大会


中华人民共和国主席令(六届第22号)

《中华人民共和国涉外经济合同法》已由中华人民共和国第六届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十次会议于1985年3月21日通过,现予公布,自1985年7月1日起施行。

中华人民共和国主席 李先念
1985年3月21日




中华人民共和国涉外经济合同法

(1985年3月21日第六届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十次会议通过 1985年3月21日中华人民共和国主席令第二十二号公布 自1985年7月1日起施行)

第一章 总 则
第一条 为了保障涉外经济合同当事人的合法权益,促进我国对外经济关系的发展,特制定本法。
第二条 本法的适用范围是中华人民共和国的企业或者其他经济组织同外国的企业和其他经济组织或者个人之间订立的经济合同(以下简称合同)。但是,国际运输合同除外。
第三条 订立合同,应当依据平等互利、协商一致的原则。
第四条 订立合同,必须遵守中华人民共和国法律,并不得损害中华人民共和国的社会公共利益。
第五条 合同当事人可以选择处理合同争议所适用的法律。当事人没有选择的,适用与合同有最密切联系的国家的法律。
在中华人民共和国境内履行的中外合资经营企业合同、中外合作经营企业合同、中外合作勘探开发自然资源合同,适用中华人民共和国法律。
中华人民共和国法律未作规定的,可以适用国际惯例。
第六条 中华人民共和国缔结或者参加的与合同有关的国际条约同中华人民共和国法律有不同规定的,适用该国际条约的规定。但是,中华人民共和国声明保留的条款除外。
第二章 合同的订立
第七条 当事人就合同条款以书面形式达成协议并签字,即为合同成立。通过信件、电报、电传达成协议,一方当事人要求签订确认书的,签订确认书时,方为合同成立。
中华人民共和国法律、行政法规规定应当由国家批准的合同,获得批准时,方为合同成立。
第八条 合同订明的附件是合同的组成部分。
第九条 违反中华人民共和国法律或者社会公共利益的合同无效。
合同中的条款违反中华人民共和国法律或者社会公共利益的,经当事人协商同意予以取消或者改正后,不影响合同的效力。
第十条 采取欺诈或者胁迫手段订立的合同无效。
第十一条 当事人一方对合同无效负有责任的,应当对另一方因合同无效而遭受的损失负赔偿责任。
第十二条 合同一般应当具备以下条款:
一、合同当事人的名称或者姓名、国籍、主营业所或者住所;
二、合同签订的日期、地点;
三、合同的类型和合同标的的种类、范围;
四、合同标的的技术条件、质量、标准、规格、数量;
五、履行的期限、地点和方式;
六、价格条件、支付金额、支付方式和各种附带的费用;
七、合同能否转让或者合同转让的条件;
八、违反合同的赔偿和其他责任;
九、合同发生争议时的解决方法;
十、合同使用的文字及其效力。
第十三条 合同应当视需要约定当事人对履行标的承担风险的界限;必要时应当约定对标的的保险范围。
第十四条 对于需要较长期间连续履行的合同,当事人应当约定合同的有效期限,并可以约定延长合同期限和提前终止合同的条件。
第十五条 当事人可以在合同中约定担保。担保人在约定的担保范围内承担责任。
第三章 合同的履行和违反合同的责任
第十六条 合同依法成立,即具有法律约束力。当事人应当履行合同约定的义务,任何一方不得擅自变更或者解除合同。
第十七条 当事人一方有另一方不能履行合同的确切证据时,可以暂时中止履行合同,但是应当立即通知另一方;当另一方对履行合同提供了充分的保证时,应当履行合同。当事人一方没有另一方不能履行合同的确切证据,中止履行合同的,应当负违反合同的责任。
第十八条 当事人一方不履行合同或者履行合同义务不符合约定条件,即违反合同的,另一方有权要求赔偿损失或者采取其他合理的补救措施。采取其他补救措施后,尚不能完全弥补另一方受到的损失的,另一方仍然有权要求赔偿损失。
第十九条 当事人一方违反合同的赔偿责任,应当相当于另一方因此所受到的损失,但是不得超过违反合同一方订立合同时应当预见到的因违反合同可能造成的损失。
第二十条 当事人可以在合同中约定,一方违反合同时,向另一方支付一定数额的违约金;也可以约定对于违反合同而产生的损失赔偿额的计算方法。
合同中约定的违约金,视为违反合同的损失赔偿。但是,约定的违约金过分高于或者低于违反合同所造成的损失的,当事人可以请求仲裁机构或者法院予以适当减少或者增加。
第二十一条 当事人双方都违反合同的,应当各自承担相应的责任。
第二十二条 当事人一方因另一方违反合同而受到损失的,应当及时采取适当措施防止损失的扩大;没有及时采取适当措施致使损失扩大的,无权就扩大的损失要求赔偿。
第二十三条 当事人一方未按期支付合同规定的应付金额或者与合同有关的其他应付金额的,另一方有权收取迟延支付金额的利息。计算利息的方法,可以在合同中约定。
第二十四条 当事人因不可抗力事件不能履行合同的全部或者部分义务的,免除其全部或者部分责任。
当事人一方因不可抗力事件不能按合同约定的期限履行的,在事件的后果影响持续的期间内,免除其迟延履行的责任。
不可抗力事件是指当事人在订立合同时不能预见、对其发生和后果不能避免并不能克服的事件。
不可抗力事件的范围,可以在合同中约定。
第二十五条 当事人一方因不可抗力事件不能履行合同的全部或者部分义务的,应当及时通知另一方,以减轻可能给另一方造成的损失,并应在合理期间内提供有关机构出具的证明。
第四章 合同的转让
第二十六条 当事人一方将合同权利和义务的全部或者部分转让给第三者的,应当取得另一方的同意。
第二十七条 中华人民共和国法律、行政法规规定应当由国家批准成立的合同,其权利和义务的转让,应当经原批准机关批准。但是,已批准的合同中另有约定的除外。
第五章 合同的变更、解除和终止
第二十八条 经当事人协商同意后,合同可以变更。
第二十九条 有下列情形之一的,当事人一方有权通知另一方解除合同:
一、另一方违反合同,以致严重影响订立合同所期望的经济利益;
二、另一方在合同约定的期限内没有履行合同,在被允许推迟履行的合理期限内仍未履行;
三、发生不可抗力事件,致使合同的全部义务不能履行;
四、合同约定的解除合同的条件已经出现。
第三十条 对于包含几个相互独立部分的合同,可以依据前条的规定,解除其中的一部分而保留其余部分的效力。
第三十一条 有下列情形之一的,合同即告终止:
一、合同已按约定条件得到履行;
二、仲裁机构裁决或者法院判决终止合同;
三、双方协商同意终止合同。
第三十二条 变更或者解除合同的通知或者协议,应当采用书面形式。
第三十三条 中华人民共和国法律、行政法规规定应当由国家批准成立的合同,其重大变更应当经原批准机关批准,其解除应当报原批准机关备案。
第三十四条 合同的变更、解除或者终止,不影响当事人要求赔偿损失的权利。
第三十五条 合同约定的解决争议的条款,不因合同的解除或者终止而失去效力。
第三十六条 合同约定的结算和清理条款,不因合同的解除或者终止而失去效力。
第六章 争议的解决
第三十七条 发生合同争议时,当事人应当尽可能通过协商或者通过第三者调解解决。
当事人不愿协商、调解的,或者协商、调解不成的,可以依据合同中的仲裁条款或者事后达成的书面仲裁协议,提交中国仲裁机构或者其他仲裁机构仲裁。
第三十八条 当事人没有在合同中订立仲裁条款,事后又没有达成书面仲裁协议的,可以向人民法院起诉。
第七章 附 则
第三十九条 货物买卖合同争议提起诉讼或者仲裁的期限为四年,自当事人知道或者应当知道其权利受到侵犯之日起计算。其他合同争议提起诉讼或者仲裁的期限由法律另行规定。
第四十条 在中华人民共和国境内履行、经国家批准成立的中外合资经营企业合同、中外合作经营企业合同、中外合作勘探开发自然资源合同,在法律有新的规定时,可以仍然按照合同的规定执行。
第四十一条 本法施行之日前成立的合同,经当事人协商同意,可以适用本法。
第四十二条 国务院依据本法制定实施细则。
第四十三条 本法自1985年7月1日起施行。


LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON ECONOMIC CONTRACTSINVOLVING FOREIGN INTEREST

Important Notice: (注意事项)

英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民
共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.

Whole Document (法规全文)

LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON ECONOMIC CONTRACTS
INVOLVING FOREIGN INTEREST
(Adopted at the Tenth Session of the Standing Committee of the
Sixth National People's Congress, promulgated by Order No. 22 of the
President of the People's Republic of China on March 21, 1985, and
effective as of July 1, 1985)

Contents

Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II The Conclusion of Contracts
Chapter III The Performance of Contracts and Liability for Breach of
Contract
Chapter IV The Assignment of Contracts
Chapter V The Modification, Rescission and Termination of Contracts
Chapter VI The Settlement of Disputes
Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions

Chapter I General Provisions

Article 1
This Law is formulated with a view to protecting the lawful rights and
interests of the parties to Chinese-foreign economic contracts and
promoting the development of China's foreign economic relations.
Article 2
This Law shall apply to economic contracts concluded between enterprises
or other economic organizations of the People's Republic of China and
foreign enterprises, other economic organizations or individuals.
(hereinafter referred to as "contracts"). However, this provision shall
not apply to international transport contracts.
Article 3
Contracts shall be concluded according to the principle of equality and
mutual benefit and the principle of achieving agreement through
consultation.
Article 4
In concluding a contract, the parties must abide by the law of the
People's Republic of China and shall not harm the public interest of the
People's Republic of China.
Article 5
The parties to a contract may choose the proper law applicable to the
settlement of contract disputes. In the absence of such a choice by the
parties, the law of the country which has the closest connection with the
contract shall apply. The law of the People's Republic of China shall
apply to contracts that are to be performed within the territory of the
People's Republic of China, namely contracts for Chinese-foreign equity
joint ventures, Chinese-foreign contractual joint ventures and Chinese-
foreign cooperative exploration and development of natural resources. For
matters that are not covered in the law of the People's Republic of China,
international practice shall be followed.
Article 6
Where an international treaty which is relevant to a contract, and to
which the People's Republic of China is a contracting party or a
signatory, has provided differently from the law of the People's Republic
of China, the provisions of the international treaty shall prevail, with
the exception of those clauses on which the People's Republic of China has
declared reservation.

Chapter II The Conclusion of Contracts

Article 7
A contract shall be formed as soon as the parties to it have reached a
written agreement on the terms and have signed the contract. If an
agreement is reached by means of letters, telegrams or telex and one party
requests a signed letter of confirmation, the contract shall be formed
only after the letter of confirmation is signed. Contracts which are
subject to the approval of the state, as provided for by the laws or
administrative regulations of the People's Republic of China, shall be
formed only after such approval is granted.
Article 8
Appendices specified in a contract shall be integral parts of the
contract.
Article 9
Contracts that violate the law or the public interest of the People's
Republic of China shall be void.
In case any terms in a contract violate the law or the public interest of
the People's Republic of China, the validity of the contract shall not be
affected if such terms are cancelled or modified by the parties through
consultations.
Article 10
Contracts that are concluded by means of fraud or duress shall be void.
Article 11
A party which is responsible for the invalidity of a contract shall be
liable for the losses suffered by the other party as a result of the
contracts becoming invalid.
Article 12
A contract shall, in general, contain the following terms:
(1) the corporate or personal names of the contracting parties and their
nationalities and principal places of business or domicile;
(2) the date and place of the signing of the contract;
(3) the type of contract and the kind and scope of the object of the
contract;
(4) The technical conditions, quality, standard, specifications and
quantity of the object of the contract;
(5) the time limit, place and method of performance;
(6) the price, amount and method of payment, and various incidental
charges;
(7) whether the contract is assignable and, if it is, the conditions for
its assignment;
(8) liability to pay compensation and other liabilities for breach of
contract;
(9) the ways for settling contract disputes; and
(10) the language(s) in which the contract is to be written and its
validity.

Article 13
So far as it may require, a contract shall provide for the limits of the
risks to be borne by the parties in performing the object; if necessary,
it shall provide for the coverage of insurance for the object.
Article 14
Where a contract needs to be performed continuously over a long period,
the parties shall set a period of validity for the contract and may also
stipulate conditions for its extension and its termination before its
expiry.
Article 15
In the contract the parties may agree to provide a guaranty. The guarantor
shall be held liable within the agreed scope of guaranty.

Chapter III The Performance of Contracts and Liability for Breach of Contract

Article 16
A contract shall be legally bindings as soon as it is established in
accordance with the law. The parties shall perform their obligations
stipulated in the contract. No party shall unilaterally modify or rescind
the contract.
Article 17
A party may temporarily suspend its performance of the contract if it has
conclusive evidence that the other party is unable to perform the
contract. However, it shall immediately inform the other party of such
suspension. It shall perform the contract if and when the other party
provides a sure guarantee for performance of the contract. If a party
suspends performance of the contract without conclusive evidence of the
other party's inability to perform the contract, it shall be liable for
breach of contract.
Article 18
If a party fails to perform the contract or its performance of the
contractual obligations does not conform to the agreed terms. which
constitutes a breach of contract, the other party is entitled to claim
damages or demand other reasonable remedial measures. If the losses
suffered by the other party cannot be completely made up after the
adoption of such remedial measures, the other party shall still have the
right to claim damages.
Article 19
The liability of a party to pay compensation for the breach of a contract
shall be equal to the loss suffered by the other party as a consequence of
the breach. However, such compensation may not exceed the loss which the
party responsible for the breach ought to have foreseen at the time of the
conclusion of the contract as a possible consequence of a breach of
contract.
Article 20
The parties may agree in a contract that, if one party breaches the
contract, it shall pay a certain amount of breach of contract damages to
the other party; they may also agree upon a method for calculating the
damages resulting from such a breach. The breach of contract damages as
stipulated in the contract shall be regarded as compensation for the
losses resulting from breach of contract. However, if the contractually
agreed breach of contract damages are far more or far less than is
necessary to compensate for the losses resulting from the breach, the
party concerned may request an arbitration body or a court to reduce or
increase them appropriately.

Article 21
If both parties breach the contract, each shall be commensurately liable
for the breach of contract that is its responsibility.
Article 22
A party which suffers losses resulting from a breach of contract by the
other party shall promptly take appropriate measures to prevent the losses
from becoming severer. If the losses are aggravated as a result of its
failure to adopt appropriate measures, it shall not be entitled to claim
compensation for the aggravated part of the losses.
Article 23
If a party fails to pay on time any amount stipulated as payable in the
contract or any other amount related to the contract that is payable, the
other party is entitled to interest on the amount in arrears. The method
for calculating the interest may be specified in the contract.
Article 24
If a party is prevented from performing all or part of its obligations
owing to force majeure, it shall be relieved of all or part of its
obligations.
If a party cannot perform its obligations within the contractually agreed
time limit owing to force majeure, it shall be relieved of the liability
for delayed performance during the aftereffect of the event.
Force majeure means an event that the parties could not have foreseen at
the time of conclusion of the contract, both parties being unable to
either avoid or overcome its occurrence and consequences.
The scope of force majeure may be specified in the contract.
Article 25
The party which fails to perform wholly or in part its contractual
obligations owing to force majeure shall promptly inform the other party
so as to mitigate possible losses inflicted on the other party, and shall
also provide a certificate issued by the relevant agency within a
reasonable period of time.

Chapter IV The Assignment of Contracts

Article 26
When a party assigns, wholly or in part, its contractual rights and
obligations to a third party, it must obtain the consent of the other
party.
Article 27
In the case of a contract which, according to the laws or administrative
regulations of the People's Republic of China, is to be formed with the
approval of the state, the assignment of the contractual rights and
obligations shall be subject to the approval of the authority which
approved the contract, unless otherwise stipulated in the approved
contract.

Chapter V The Modification, Rescission and Termination of Con- tracts

Article 28
A contract may be modified if both parties agree through consultation.
Article 29
A party shall have the right to notify the other party that a contract is
rescinded in any of the following situations:
(1) if the other party has breached the contract, thus adversely affecting
the economic benefits they expected to receive at the time of the
conclusion of the contract;
(2) if the other party fails to perform the contract within the time limit
agreed upon in the contract, and again fails to perform it within the
reasonable period of time allowed for delayed performance;
(3) if all the obligations under the contract cannot be performed owing to
force majeure; or
(4) if the contractually agreed conditions for the rescission of the
contract are present.
Article 30
For a contract consisting of several independent parts, some may be
rescinded according to the provisions of the preceding article while the
other parts remain valid.
Article 31
A contract shall be terminated in any one of the following situations:
(1) if the contract has already been performed in accordance with the
agreed terms;
(2) if an arbitration body or a court has decided that the contract shall
be terminated; or
(3) if the parties agree through consultation to terminate the contract.
Article 32
Notices or agreements on the modification or rescission of contracts shall
be made in writing.
Article 33
In the case of a contract which, according to the laws or administrative
regulations of the People's Republic of China, is to be established with
the approval of the state, any significant modification of the contract
shall be subject to the approval of the authority which approved the
contract, and the rescission of the contract shall be filed with the same
authority for the record.
Article 34
The modification, rescission or termination of a contract shall not affect
the rights of the parties to claim damages.
Article 35
The contractually agreed terms for the settlement of disputes shall not
become invalid because of the rescission or termination of a contract.

Article 36
The contractually agreed terms for the settlement of accounts and
liquidation of a contract shall not become invalid because of the
rescission or termination of the contract.

Chapter VI The Settlement of Disputes

Article 37
If disputes over a contract develop, the parties shall, as far as
possible, settle them through consultation, or through mediation by a
third party.
If the parties are unwilling to settle their dispute through consultation
or mediation, or if consultation or mediation proves unsuccessful, they
may, in accordance with the arbitration clause provided in the contract or
a written arbitration agreement reached by the parties afterwards, submit
the dispute to a Chinese arbitration body or any other arbitration body
for arbitration.
Article 38
If no arbitration clause is provided in the contract, and a written
arbitration agreement is not reached afterwards, the parties may bring
suit in a people's court.

Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions

Article 39
The time limit for filing suit or applying for arbitration in a dispute
over a contract for the purchase and sale of goods shall be four years,
counting from the day when the party was aware or ought to have been aware
of its rights' being infringed upon. The time limit for filing suit or
applying for arbitration in a dispute over any other contract shall be
stipulated separately by law.
Article 40
If new legal provisions are formulated while contracts for Chinese-foreign
equity joint ventures, Chinese-foreign contractual joint ventures, or
Chinese-foreign cooperative exploration and development of natural
resources, which have been concluded with the approval of the state, are
being performed within the territory of the People's Republic of China,
the performance may still be based on the terms of the contracts.
Article 41
This Law may apply to contracts concluded before it goes into effect if
this is agreed to by the parties through consultation.
Article 42
The State Council shall, in accordance with this Law, formulate rules for
its implementation.
Article 43
This Law shall go into effect on July 1, 1985.



1985年3月21日